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Art. 12 Legge sulla giustizia amministrativa (LGA) - Mezzi di prova
Principi generali della procedura - Rilevamento della fattispecie
Art. 12 LGA · Mezzi di prova
1. Servono quali mezzi di prova per l'autorità, oltre quanto noto ai suoi membri, in particolare
a) atti ufficiali;
b) documenti;
c) rapporti ufficiali;
d) interrogatorio e comunicazioni di interessati e informatori;
e) sopralluoghi;
f) perizie.
2. Se questi mezzi di prova non sono sufficienti per chiarire la fattispecie, le autorità possono interrogare, d'ufficio o su richiesta, dei testimoni. Questa prescrizione non vale per le autorità comunali.
3. Si applicano per analogia le norme del codice di procedura civile sulla prova testimoniale e sul diritto di rifiuto.
Decisioni giudiziarie che applicano questa disposizione (19)
VR3 2018 81 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 VRG)
Cellular Antenna Permit Denial Over Aesthetic Concerns Overturned on Balancing Test
This provision was cited in the reasoning section regarding the investigative principle, but it is not explicitly mentioned in the final orders (dispositive) 1-5.
R 2023 43 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Appeal Regarding Demolition Order for Unauthorized Building Construction
Used to justify the court's decision to waive the request for an on-site inspection (Augenschein).
R 2021 118 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Appeal Against Cantonal Road Construction Dismissed Over Property Access Impact
Cited as the basis for considering the physical inspection (Augenschein) as evidence.
R 2021 9 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Appeal Against Building Permit: Jurisdiction Over Parking vs. Water/Sewage Fees
Cited to justify the decision not to conduct an on-site inspection because legal questions were paramount.
A 2015 49 · gr (Art. 11 und Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. f) VRG)
Hydroelectric Power Plant Taxation: Dividend Model vs. Arm's Length Principle
Cited as the procedural basis for ordering the expert opinion necessary for the determination of the cost basis and mark-up.
R 2019 4 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Foundation Appeal Regarding Building Setbacks and Light-Cone Profile Application
Cited as a procedural provision regarding the possibility of an on-site inspection (Augenschein), which was ultimately rejected.
PVG 2019 21 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. d und Abs. 2 VRG)
Municipal Penalty Overturned Due to Insufficient Investigation
The municipal authority failed its duty to investigate by not questioning the complainant as an informant before issuing the penalty order.
PVG 2019 21 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 2 Satz 2 VRG)
Municipal Penalty Overturned Due to Insufficient Investigation
Cited to confirm that questioning the complainant as a witness was not appropriate in this context.
U 2018 37 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. d und Abs. 2 VRG)
Wildlife Access Ban Fine Overturned Due to Insufficient Evidence
Cited implicitly as the basis for concluding that the lower authority failed its duty to investigate by not questioning the informant.
U 2018 37 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. d und Abs. 2 VRG)
Appeal Against Wildlife Zone Access Fine Based on Insufficient Evidence
The court implies that the administrative authority failed to meet its duty to investigate by not questioning the complainant as an information source based on this provision before issuing the penalty order.
R 2016 63 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Municipal Approval of Multi-Family House Construction Upheld on Floor Area Ratio Calculation
Cited in the reasoning (point 2a) in the context of why an on-site inspection (Augenschein) was deemed irrelevant for deciding a purely legal question.
R 2016 41 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. c VRG)
Property Owners' Association v. Municipality Regarding Shutter Material Replacement
Cited in the reasoning when classifying the zoning plan submitted by the municipality as an official report (Amtsbericht).
S 2011 106 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 2 VRG)
Insurance Institution Denial of Retraining Upheld Despite Claimant's Injury
Cited in the reasoning to state that witness examination is a subsidiary means of evidence in administrative proceedings, but not explicitly cited in the final orders.
R 2007 43 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. f VRG)
Appeal Against Refusal of Underground Garage Ventilation Shaft Permit Due to Emission Control Requirements
Cited in the reasoning to classify the ordered expert opinion as a formal means of evidence.
R 2008 46 · gr (Art. 12 Abs. 1 lit. e VRG)
Neighbors' Appeal Against Building Permit for Pavilion Relocation and Parking Dismissed
Cited in the reasoning regarding the court's power to use the *Augenschein* as evidence.