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Art. 78 Costituzione federale della Confederazione Svizzera (Cost.) - Protezione della natura e del paesaggio
Cost.; Titolo terzo: Confederazione, Cantoni e Comuni; Capitolo 2: Competenze
Art. 78 Cost. · Protezione della natura e del paesaggio
La protezione della natura e del paesaggio compete ai Cantoni.
Nell’adempimento dei suoi compiti, la Confederazione prende in considerazione gli obiettivi della protezione della natura e del paesaggio. Ha cura dei paesaggi, dei siti caratteristici, dei luoghi storici nonché dei monumenti naturali e culturali; quando l’interesse pubblico lo richieda, li conserva integri.
Può sostenere gli sforzi volti a proteggere la natura e il paesaggio nonché, per contratto o per espropriazione, acquistare o salvaguardare opere d’importanza nazionale.
Emana prescrizioni a tutela della fauna e della flora e a salvaguardia dei loro spazi vitali nella loro molteplicità naturale. Protegge le specie minacciate di estinzione.
Le paludi e i paesaggi palustri di particolare bellezza e importanza nazionale sono protetti. Non vi si possono costruire impianti né procedere a modifiche del suolo. Sono eccettuate le installazioni che servono a preservare lo scopo protettivo o l’utilizzazione agricola già esistente.
Decisioni giudiziarie che applicano questa disposizione (75)
BRGE.III.Nr.0116.20 · zh (Art. 78 Abs. 2 BV)
Federal Road Authority v. Municipal Hedgerow Protection Order
Cited to establish the obligation of federal authorities to consider nature and home protection interests.
VB.2002.00225 · zh (Art. 78 lit. V BV)
Property Owner Appeal Against Mire Protection Boundary Upheld
Cited in the facts, this provision likely formed the legal basis for the conservation measures, though its direct role in the final order needs confirmation from the dispositive, which is not fully provided here, but is listed under 'Rechtsnormen' potentially used in the final decision context.
AC.2023.0395 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
OFEV v. Municipality: Building Permit Annulled Due to Federal Marshland Protection Violation
Cited as a fundamental legal basis for the illegality of the construction permit due to the absolute prohibition of modification in protected marshlands.
AC.2023.0423 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
Federal Office for the Environment v. Municipal Building Permit for Construction in Protected Marshland
Basis for annulling the building permit due to conflict with the absolute prohibition on modification in marshes of national importance.
AC.2023.0424 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
Federal Environmental Office Appeal Upheld Against Construction Permit in Protected Marshland
The court's decision to annul the building permit and the cantonal authorization is based on the violation of the absolute prohibition of modification in marshlands of national importance.
AC.2023.0425 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
Federal Office for the Environment v. Building Permit for Marshland Veranda
The court implicitly found the construction contrary to the absolute prohibition on modification of marshes and bog sites of national importance, justifying the annulment/nullity of the authorizations.
AC.2023.0427 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
Federal Office for the Environment v. Cantonal Authorization for Marshland Construction
The ground for admitting the appeal and annulling the construction permits, as the construction violated the constitutional protection of swamps and marshlands.
AC.2023.0428 · vd (Art. 78 al. 5 Cst.)
Federal Office for the Environment v. Municipality (Protected Marshland Construction)
The court annulled the permit because the construction violated the absolute prohibition on modification of marshes and marshy sites of national importance.
WBE.2024.154 · ag (Art. 78 Abs. 5 BV)
Heritage Protection Order Upheld for Architecturally Significant Building
Constitutional basis for heritage protection.
V 7 2023 · ai (Art. 78 Abs. 5 BV)
Footpath Inclusion Rejected Due to Capercaillie Habitat Protection
Cited as a constitutional basis for the contradiction of the planned path with the protection of moors and moorlands.
V 8 2023 · ai (Art. 78 Abs. 5 BV)
Trail Permit Denial Due to Endangered Species Protection
The inclusion of the planned path contradicts the constitutionally guaranteed protection of moors and moor landscapes.
A/3647/2023 · ge (art. 78 Cst.)
Environmental Groups v. Territorial Department: Biotope Protection Decision Denial
This constitutional article, concerning the cantons' responsibility for nature and heritage protection, was cited by the appellants as a violated norm in relation to their claim.
V 2022 85 · zg (Art. 78 BV)
Monument Protection vs. Educational Infrastructure Needs
Although cited in the reasoning section (E. 5.1.1) as the constitutional basis for the general public interest in monument protection, it is not explicitly mentioned in the final orders (dispositive), so it should not be included based on the strict rule.
52.2022.92 · ti (Art. 78 cpv. 1 Cost.)
Administrative Appeal on Hotel-to-Apartment Conversion Parking and Landscape Impact Upheld
Cited to establish cantonal competence for nature and landscape protection, setting the stage for rejecting the federal law arguments.
A-4112/2021 (Art. 78 Abs. 5 BV)
Court Overturns Peatland Access Rerouting, Cites Inadequate Alternatives Analysis
Cited as the constitutional basis for protecting moors and moorlands, generally granting them priority over other interests.