**Art. 1 Wastewater Regulations - Purpose**

1. This regulation governs the drainage, construction, operation, maintenance, and renewal of the necessary public and private wastewater facilities, as well as their financing within the framework of federal and cantonal regulations, particularly the Federal Water Protection Act and its implementing decrees, as well as the cantonal introductory law to the Water Protection Act and its implementing decrees.

2. It aims to protect the waters from adverse effects.

1. Definitions and Abbreviations

| Definition / Abbreviation | Explanation |

| --- | --- |

| Wastewater | Water altered by domestic, industrial, commercial, agricultural or other use, furthermore, water continuously flowing off in the sewerage system (extraneous water), and stormwater runoff from built-up or paved areas (rainwater or meteorwater). |

| Wastewater, unpolluted | Stormwater runoff from built-up or paved areas that cannot contaminate a body of water, or clean water from drainage pipes, reservoir overflows, public fountains, and unpolluted cooling water, etc. (sometimes also referred to as non-polluted wastewater). |

| Wastewater, polluted | Wastewater that can contaminate a body of water into which it flows (foul water) |

| Wastewater Facilities | Facilities in which wastewater is collected, conveyed, and treated (sewerage system, wastewater treatment and pre-treatment plants, wastewater holding tanks, etc.). |

| Connection Fee | See Development Regulation (DR) |

| Paved Area according to Official Survey | The paved area according to the official survey comprises the areas recorded therein for buildings, streets and paths, traffic islands, sidewalks, and other paved areas. |

| Cantonal Act for the Protection of Waters (GSchG) | Cantonal Implementation Act to the Water Protection Act |

| Owner | Natural or legal person who owns and is responsible for the maintenance of the facilities. Holders of building rights are also considered owners. |

| Drained Area | The drained area is the area from which rainwater is discharged into the public sewerage system. |

| General Drainage Plan (GDP) | The General Drainage Plan forms the planning basis for a targeted ecological and economic fulfillment of the municipality's water protection tasks in qualitative and quantitative terms. It encompasses all sub-areas of drainage (foul water sewerage, stormwater sewerage, wastewater treatment plants, infiltration, retention, water bodies, etc.) across the entire municipal area. |

| Gross Floor Area (GFA) | The Gross Floor Area (GFA) is calculated according to SN 504 416 (SIA 416). Subsequently applied external insulation is not included. |

| Water Protection Act (WPA) | Federal Act on the Protection of Waters (SR [814.20](https://db.clex.ch/link/Bund/814.20/de)) |

| Water Protection Ordinance (WPO) | Water Protection Ordinance (Federal) (SR 814.201) |

| House Connection | Sewerage connecting the property to be drained with the public wastewater facility (fine development) |

| Annual Fees | Usage fees according to the Development Regulation (DR) |

| Cantonal Department | Cantonal Department of Construction and Environment, Division of Environmental Protection and Energy |

| Combined System | Polluted and unpolluted wastewater are discharged in the same sewer. |

| Rainwater | Water from natural precipitation that has not been contaminated by use. The classification as polluted or unpolluted wastewater is made according to the water protection legislation or according to the guidelines of the VSA's "Rainwater Disposal" guideline. Water that flows off the surface due to a rain event (colloquially often referred to as meteorwater). |

| Retention | Measures for retaining or controlled discharge of wastewater. Ponding of roofs, squares, biotopes, etc., with throttled discharge of water into infiltration facilities, sewerage systems, and receiving waters. |

| Foul Water | Water altered by use (domestic, commercial, or industrial wastewater) that must be discharged into a drainage system and subjected to wastewater treatment. Foul water is considered polluted wastewater within the meaning of the Water Protection Act (see also polluted wastewater). |

| Pollutant Load | Actually discharged wastewater load, usually only in relation to large wastewater suppliers |

| SIA | Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects, Zurich |

| Urban Drainage | Urban drainage encompasses all wastewater facilities and receiving waters for wastewater disposal. |

| Graduated Tariff, degressive | The degressive graduated tariff is a tiered tariff. The first tier is a flat rate that covers a basic wastewater volume. With each subsequent tier, the price per m3 decreases as the wastewater volume increases. |

| Subjective-Real Property | Subjective-real property is also known as dependent co-ownership. The co-ownership share is inseparably linked to the main property. This can include, for example, road surfaces, green spaces, enclosures, or parking areas. Since these facilities serve the entire complex, a separate division is not possible. |

| Separate System | Polluted and unpolluted wastewater are discharged separately. |

| Infiltration | Measures for returning unpolluted wastewater to the subsurface or the groundwater body (infiltration basins, soakaways / infiltration crates, infiltration galleries) |

| Receiving Water | Body of water into which wastewater is discharged |

| VSA | Swiss Association of Water and Wastewater Professionals, Zurich |

| CC | Swiss Civil Code |

1. This regulation applies to the entire disposal area of the municipality of Glarus Nord, unless higher-ranking law establishes other jurisdictions.

2. The technical terms are explained in the appendix.

3. Wastewater disposal is administered by the Department of Construction and Environment (hereinafter referred to as "Department") and the responsible division with its specialized units (hereinafter referred to as "responsible authority").

1. The following responsibilities apply to the enforcement of the present works regulations

2. The municipal council is responsible for

a) addressing complaints against orders and directives of the competent department;

b) addressing objections to the General Drainage Plan (GDP) and its adoption;

c) proposing the account and budget for the municipal assembly;

d) adjusting the wastewater tariff in accordance with cost developments;

e) the issuance of additional construction and operational regulations.

3. The department is responsible for

a) the enforcement of the present regulations;

b) granting permits and issuing orders;

c) preparing the budget for the municipal council;

d) awarding contracts within the budget's framework;

e) developing and updating the General Drainage Plan (GDP);

f) the management of the works cadastre;

g) short- and long-term planning of public wastewater facilities;

h) handling wastewater tasks within the framework of the building permit process according to these regulations.

4. Specific responsibilities can be delegated according to paragraph 3.

5. The competent authority may engage experts for the preparation of business, monitoring of facilities, and advising on enforcement tasks.

6. The competent authority has the power to issue directives.

1. The General Drainage Plan defines the disposal area of the municipality of Glarus Nord.

2. The municipality develops the general drainage plan (GDP) according to the guidelines of the responsible cantonal department, which is reviewed and approved by the department.

3. The GDP includes the strategic planning in the area of settlement drainage, defines the necessary measures, and schedules their implementation. The GDP ensures proper water protection and appropriate settlement drainage.

4. Permit-required sub-projects of the GDP and subsequent amendments are publicly laid out for 30 days after preliminary examination by the department before enactment. Any person with a legitimate interest can file an objection with the municipal council. After the completion of the objection procedure, the municipal council adopts the GDP.

1. Polluted wastewater must be discharged to the wastewater treatment plant via a separate or combined system.

2. Polluted wastewater may only be discharged into a water body or infiltrated with the municipality's permit (Art. 7 GSchG).

3. Non-polluted wastewater must be infiltrated according to the VSA guidelines. If local conditions do not permit this, it may – in compliance with superordinate law – be discharged directly or via a separate system into a surface water body. If the prerequisites are not met, the non-polluted wastewater may be discharged into the public sewage system (Art. 5, para. 1 and para. 2 EG GSchG). In all cases, retention measures should be taken where possible and depending on the condition of the water body and the capacity of the public wastewater facilities, so that the water can drain uniformly during periods of high influx.

4. Continuously accumulating, non-polluted wastewater (e.g., groundwater, seepage water, well water, cooling water) may not be discharged either directly or indirectly to a wastewater treatment plant. The cantonal expert authority may grant exceptions (Art. 5 para. 3 EG GSchG).

1. No wastewater may be discharged, directly or indirectly, into the wastewater facilities if it damages them, impairs their treatment performance, operation, and maintenance, or does not comply with the requirements for discharge according to federal regulations.

2. Wastewater may particularly not contain

a) solid matter and carcasses;

b) gases and vapors;

c) toxic, infectious, flammable, explosive, and radioactive substances;

d) liquid manure, farmyard manure and silage effluents, pesticide solutions;

e) substances that cause blockages in the sewerage system or cannot be treated, such as sand, rubble, ash, kitchen waste, butchery waste, diapers, wet wipes, cat litter, deposits from sludge traps, domestic septic tanks, etc.;

f) oils and greases, paints, solvents, and other difficult-to-degrade substances;

g) cement- and lime-containing wastewater from construction sites, etc.;

h) acidic or alkaline liquids in harmful concentrations.

3. Facilities for the commingling of waste (e.g., kitchen waste disposals) may not be connected to the wastewater facilities.

4. The unauthorized opening of covers and any unauthorized alteration to public sewerage facilities, as well as the pouring of wastewater and other substances into the manholes and inlets of the public sewerage network, are prohibited, as is the depositing of objects and materials on manhole covers, storm drains, etc.

1. For water protection measures at parking lots, garages, garage forecourts, and private car wash areas, the guidelines of the VSA (Swiss Association of Water Protection) apply.

2. On sites without a connection to a sewage line, no items may be washed.

3. Rainwater runoff must not be directed onto streets, sidewalks, or areas belonging to the public or third parties.

1. All swimming pools and their ancillary facilities (e.g., sanitary installations) must be connected to a sewage drainage system, and the wastewater must be discharged in a controlled manner. Exceptions are decided by the cantonal specialist authority.

2. Overflow water from ornamental, natural, and fish ponds must be allowed to infiltrate in compliance with the Water Protection Ordinance (GSchV) or discharged into a surface water body with a permit from the cantonal specialist authority.

3. Water drained during the cleaning of ponds must be discharged in a controlled manner into a surface water body or the sewage system in compliance with the Water Protection Ordinance.

4. The sludge at the bottom of ponds must not be discharged into the receiving drain or sewage system; it must be disposed of in accordance with regulations.

1. In the area of public sewage systems, polluted wastewater must be discharged into the sewage system (Art. 11 Water Protection Act).

2. If buildings and facilities cannot be connected to the sewage system (Art. 12 Para. 2 and Art. 18 Water Protection Act) or there is no obligation to connect (Art. 11 Water Protection Act), the department, in collaboration with the cantonal specialist unit, shall ensure an alternative treatment and disposal of the wastewater that is suitable and compliant with the conditions and the law (Art. 13 and 18 Water Protection Act).

3. For agricultural operations with a significant number of cattle and/or pigs according to Art. 12 Water Protection Act, the municipality shall decide whether the conditions for utilizing domestic wastewater in the manure pit are met (Art. 12 Para. 4 and Para. 5 as well as Art. 14 Water Protection Act, Art. 12 Para. 3 Wastewater Ordinance, Art. 8 Para. 3 Water Protection Act Introduction Act).

4. If the construction of a new wastewater line creates the possibility of connection for existing buildings, the connection must be completed with the construction of the line or at the latest 24 months after its completion. For the construction of a stormwater line, the unpolluted wastewater, which previously entered the polluted wastewater line and cannot be absorbed, must be discharged under the same time conditions.

5. The department shall order the connection and set a deadline for it.

1. Direct connections from individual dischargers or group dischargers to the association's facilities are only possible in exceptional situations. The Abwasserverband Glarnerland (AVG) decides on the direct connection in individual cases based on the specific circumstances, following a preliminary decision by the competent authority. Applications must be submitted to the wastewater association via the municipality.

1. The owners or building lease holders of the connected properties (hereinafter referred to as owners) are considered responsible for private sewage facilities, not tenants or lessees.

2. Communities with a central connection (condominium owners, row house owners, etc.) must appoint an authorized representative.

1. Construction site wastewater must be disposed of in accordance with the relevant ordinances, standards, and guidelines (SIA 431). The responsibility for the disposal of this wastewater is regulated in the Cantonal Water Protection Act (EG GSchG).

1. No installations may be affixed to wastewater systems that are directly connected to the water supply network.

1. Public sewage systems include the basic and main development pipeline systems for polluted and unpolluted wastewater, as well as the facilities for wastewater treatment according to the specifications of the General Execution Plan (GEP). They should generally be located on public grounds.

2. Main development works may only be created, expanded, or modified by the municipality or its authorized agents.

3. Wastewater pipelines of the main development, which are assumed by the municipality based on the Development Regulation, must generally have an internal diameter of at least 200 mm. They typically serve at least three permanently inhabited properties or at least ten permanent residents.

1. The connection of a property to the public sewage system usually occurs through its own connection line without using third-party properties. Otherwise, the rights and obligations of the involved landowners must be regulated under private law according to Articles 16 and 17 before construction begins. Article 18 of the ER remains reserved.

2. For new buildings and significant alterations, the discharge of polluted and unpolluted wastewater must be separated, regardless of the drainage system, up to the last inspection manhole before connecting to the coarse and basic infrastructure (Art. 11 GSchV).

3. The "Implementation Guideline for Condition Assessment and Renovation of Property Drainage Systems," Department of Construction and Environment, March 2020, is decisive for the definition of significant alterations.

1. If establishing a separate connection without using the neighboring property is disproportionate, the owners of subsidiary connections are obligated to accept wastewater from neighboring properties within the capacity limits of their facilities, against reasonable compensation, and to direct it to central treatment or to treat it themselves.

2. If no amicable agreement can be reached, the department shall decide on the obligation to accept the wastewater.

1. Every landowner is obligated to cede to the municipality the corresponding easements for the construction of facilities that are in the interest of water protection (Art. 148 para. e of the Introductory Act to the Swiss Civil Code). Easements are compensated according to the recommendations of the Swiss Farmers' Association.

2. If private connection lines are to be constructed and require the use of third-party property, the parties involved must regulate their mutual rights and obligations (e.g., easement, construction, maintenance) before construction begins and provide documentation to the relevant authority. If they cannot reach an agreement, the municipal council will issue the necessary orders based on Art. 18 of the Construction Regulations.

1. The department maintains a cadastre and overview plan of public and private wastewater facilities, discharges into watercourses, as well as infiltration systems according to Art. 6 Sec. 4 of the EG GSchG and Art. 4 Sec. 3 of the cantonal GSchV.

2. The owners and users of the wastewater facilities are required to provide all necessary information for the creation of the cadastre free of charge.

3. The cadastre can be viewed at the competent authority.

1. For the professional planning, execution, and inspection of wastewater systems, the guidelines and standards of the professional associations, particularly those of the Swiss Association of Water Professionals (VSA) and the Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects (SIA), are fundamentally authoritative.

2. The Municipal Council may issue operational and enforcement regulations for special disposal solutions (e.g., for discharge points outside building zones).

3. The Municipal Council may impose additional or deviating conditions within the framework of superior law.

1. For the new construction or modification of a wastewater system, a wastewater construction application must be submitted to the Department. For wastewater pre-treatment plants in commerce and industry, the permit from the cantonal specialist agency according to the EG to the GSchG is also required.

2. The Department may issue special forms for wastewater construction applications.

3. The following documents, signed by the client and the project designer, must be submitted unsolicited in triplicate and electronically

a) Site plan showing existing and proposed sewerage (location and elevation data) as well as the public connection pipe with elevation data;

b) Detailed sewerage plan (building footprint) with the following information: origin, type, and quantity of wastewater, pipe material, gradient, diameter;

c) Descriptions of the execution and material of the facilities;

d) Calculations for retention and infiltration systems.

4. The competent authority may request further information and documents if this is necessary for the assessment.

1. The department grants the wastewater construction permit and, where necessary, imposes in consultation with the cantonal specialist office and the responsible wastewater association the required stipulations and conditions.

2. Construction work may only commence after the issuance of the wastewater construction permit.

3. For all deviations from the approved plans, approval must be obtained from the responsible authority prior to execution.

4. A processing fee and a deposit in accordance with the fee schedule for the construction and planning sector are charged for handling wastewater construction applications. The processing fee must cover the costs associated with the processing of applications and inspections.

1. For extraordinary official expenses, the incurred costs may subsequently be passed on to the owner or deducted from the deposit.

2. Extraordinary official expenses can arise, for example, in the case of extensive building applications, the involvement of specialists for clarifications and expert reports, the granting of special connection permits, extensive inspections and approvals of installations, large administrative efforts, etc.

1. In the event of an alteration to an existing private connection in conjunction with the construction of a public sewerage system, an application for wastewater construction may be waived. The competent authority shall determine the details of the connection after consultation with the owners.

1. Completion of the sewage facilities or parts thereof must be reported by the person responsible for construction to the competent authority for inspection at least 2 days before covering. If notification is neglected, the department may order the exposure of the sewage facilities at the expense of the builder or the depository.

2. The facilities must be thoroughly cleaned by the owner before final acceptance, and the deposited material must be disposed of. No construction debris may enter the public sewage facilities; otherwise, the owner shall bear the cleaning costs.

3. For missed inspection notifications and re-inspections, or in the absence of the required final materials, the department reserves the right to inspect the sewage facilities by means of sewer television recordings and pressure tests. Any resulting expenditures will be charged to the owner.

4. Acceptance protocols must be prepared for basic and major connections in accordance with the General Drainage Plan (GEP).

5. The facilities may only be put into definitive operation after acceptance or partial acceptance.

6. Inspections and acceptances do not exempt the owner, the construction management, or the contractor from the duty of supervision and from the responsibility for proper execution of the work.

1. The professional surveying of the wastewater facilities is determined within the scope of the wastewater construction permit.

2. The person responsible for the construction must notify the competent authority at least 2 days in advance when the wastewater facility is ready for surveying. The wastewater facilities may not be covered before the inspection and surveying. If notification is not given, the department may arrange for the location or exposure of the wastewater facilities at the expense of the owner or the deposit.

1. Wastewater facilities must always be operated, controlled, and maintained by the owner in a proper, functional, and watertight condition. The owner must rectify identified defects, especially leaks, promptly and professionally.

2. Sludge traps, soakaways, and grease and mineral oil separators must be regularly emptied according to the accumulation, and the material must be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner in accordance with water protection regulations.

3. The contents of wastewater treatment plants, as well as septic tanks, wastewater digestion tanks, or closed wastewater pits, must be transported to a sufficiently powerful facility (e.g., ARA Glarnerland in Bilten). Exceptions are to be decided by the cantonal expert authority in accordance with the Chemicals Risk Reduction Ordinance (ChemRRV).

4. The owner shall bear the costs for maintenance work and renovations of wastewater facilities or for their replacement. If several owners are affected by the work, all parties must be informed in advance, and the cost allocation must be regulated by the parties.

5. Upon termination of a wastewater connection, the connection pipe must be disconnected by the owner at the connection point or at the public main and securely sealed under the supervision of the competent authority.

6. If the owner fails to comply with their obligations, the municipality shall, after prior hearing in accordance with Art. 63 of the Administrative Procedure Act, order the necessary measures and set a reasonable deadline for their implementation. In the event of non-compliance with the requested measures within the deadline, the municipality may have the measures carried out at the owner's expense.

1. The authorized agency or its representatives shall have the right to inspect the wastewater facilities at any time. They shall be granted free access to all wastewater facilities, usually with prior notice.

2. All wastewater facilities, especially the shafts, must be readily accessible at all times for inspection, cleaning, and flushing.

3. The costs for any follow-up inspections of reported deficiencies in private facilities shall be borne by the owner. This also includes the costs for consulting experts.

1. The issuance of the permit and the inspection of sewage systems does not impose liability on the department for poorly or non-functioning sewage systems.

2. Owners are liable for damages caused by inadequate design and construction, insufficient function, or deficient operation and maintenance of their sewage systems.

3. The municipality is not liable for damages caused to owners or third parties by sewage backflow, provided that the public sewage systems are professionally constructed and maintained or if they result from force majeure.

1. The municipality levies cause-oriented and cost-covering fees according to the provisions of the Development Regulations to finance its expenses for public wastewater facilities.

2. The assessment and imposition of the connection fees and the annual fees are carried out according to the provisions of these regulations and the corresponding tariff.

1. The costs of private sewage systems and their connection to the public network shall be borne by the property owners.

2. If connections or connection lines exceptionally serve properties of multiple parties, all related costs shall be allocated among the respective parties themselves.

1. **Upon the granting of a wastewater construction permit, the department levies a one-time connection fee.** Owners of all new constructions and installations on a parcel are liable for this fee, even if individual constructions and installations do not produce any wastewater.

2. **The basis for assessment is the gross floor area (GFA) in square meters as defined in the Annex.** For installations on parcels without buildings (e.g., parking facilities), the GFA is calculated based on the hydraulically effective area.

3. **In the event of building enlargements and/or changes of use, the fee for the additional GFA is payable, regardless of whether additional wastewater is generated.**

4. **Large halls exceeding 600 m² GFA and with no significant water consumption (e.g., churches, storage buildings, etc.) are assessed with a reduced GFA.** Subsequent changes of use in such cases are subject to additional fees.

5. **For parcels where unpolluted wastewater from at least 80% of the sealed surface infiltrates or is discharged without using public wastewater systems, a reduction is granted.** The reduction amount is specified in the tariff. If these conditions are met only at a later point in time, there is no entitlement to a refund of the reduction of the original connection fee.

6. **If a building for which the one-time connection fee has been levied is demolished, or destroyed by fire or similar events, and a new building is erected in its place, the original GFA will be credited when determining the new connection fee.** Documentation regarding the area to be demolished must be collected according to SN 504 416 (SIA 416) and submitted to the competent authority. If the GFA is reduced, there is no entitlement to a refund of part of the original connection fee. The party claiming the credit bears the burden of proof.

1. To finance public wastewater systems and the central wastewater treatment plant, the owners of buildings and facilities from which wastewater is discharged via public wastewater systems must pay annual fees.

2. The annual fee for domestic wastewater is levied in the form of a degressive tiered tariff based on water consumption in cubic meters per year, as measured by a water meter or based on a wastewater volume measurement. The obligation to pay fees applies as long as the connection exists.

3. For new connections to the public sewerage system, the fee is levied proportionally from the time of connection to the public facilities.

4. For connections which, for special reasons, do not have water meters or where their installation is not possible, the department may determine the wastewater volume.

5. For connections with a temporarily missing water meter or for unpolluted wastewater during dry weather that is not measured (e.g., drainage water), the volume corresponding to the presumed wastewater discharge at maximum possible utilization will be determined by the department.

6. If there is a significant difference between water consumption and wastewater discharge on a property (e.g., nurseries, businesses, industry, etc.), the wastewater volume can, at the owner's request, be separately measured by means of additional water meters. The same applies to the use of rainwater that becomes polluted. The competent authority determines the location and size of the required water meter in accordance with the regulations on water supply. The water meter is owned by the municipality and is provided and maintained by it.

7. For temporary wastewater discharge (e.g., construction site wastewater), the amount of the fee will be determined by the department based on the discharged volume. Depending on the situation, the department may set a flat fee.

1. For wastewater with an increased level of pollution, fees can be specifically determined according to the directives of the cantonal specialist office. Proof of the level of pollution is to be provided by the polluter.

2. The operator may be required to establish facilities for determining the pollutant load at their own expense.

3. A fee is levied for pollution resulting from construction activities of buildings requiring a permit.

1. A fee is payable for stormwater discharged into the public sewer system, based on the drained area. Drained areas are considered to be all impervious surfaces (roofs, (fore)courts, paths, streets) from which stormwater is discharged into the public sewer system.

2. The drained area is determined based on the impervious area as per the official survey.

3. To claim the actual drained area, the owner must provide proof.

4. If stormwater is discharged from only a minimal area, no fee is payable. The minimal area is defined in the tariff.

1. The bearing of costs for the relocation of a public wastewater facility on private land is determined by an existing right-of-way agreement and, if no such agreement exists, by Article 693 of the Swiss Civil Code (ZGB).

2. If a public wastewater facility is abolished and relocated to another site, the costs for adapting the connection of the fine development are to be borne by the party causing them.

3. If an interested party requests the relocation of public wastewater supply facilities, they must advance the construction costs until the corresponding financing is secured.

4. If statutory provisions are amended, the costs for adapting the fine development are to be borne by its owner.

1. The one-time connection fees are owed by whoever is the owner of the connected property at the time of their due date. Furthermore, all subsequent purchasers owe the fees that are still outstanding at the time of their property acquisition.

2. The annual fees are owed by the respective owners of the property.

3. The apportionment of the annual fees for wastewater to tenants is the responsibility of the respective owner of the property.

4. In cases of common co-ownership, the responsible administrative body for receiving, distributing, and paying the invoice must be designated. If no responsible administrative body is designated, the invoice will be delivered to one of the co-owners for payment.

5. In cases of subjectively real property (subjectiv-dingliches Eigentum), the apportionment of rainwater fees is carried out by the competent authority.

1. Every change of ownership of a property must be reported to the department promptly after the contract is signed, specifying the previous and new owners as well as the date of the change. The previous owner is responsible for the costs of wastewater disposal until a proper reading of the water meter is conducted.

2. The owner is liable for fees related to vacant rooms or apartments and unused facilities.

1. The annual fees are billed semi-annually or annually by the department. For entities causing large volumes of wastewater, interim partial payments may also be required.

2. The invoices are due for payment 30 days after their issue date. A reminder fee will be charged for late payments.

1. The municipality or its agents may pursue defaulting payers through debt collection via distraint (seizure of assets) or bankruptcy, or through real estate collateral realization in accordance with Art. 227a of the Introductory Law to the Swiss Civil Code (EG ZGB).

2. The provisions of the Administrative Justice Act shall apply to compulsory enforcement.

1. Against decisions and orders of the Department, issued on the basis of the present regulations, an appeal may be lodged with the Municipal Council within 30 days from the date of service.

1. Any person who violates the provisions of these regulations, or who fails to comply with orders issued by the Department or the Municipal Council based thereon, despite having been informed of the penalty provisions of this Article, shall be punished with imprisonment or a fine. The application of cantonal or federal criminal provisions remains reserved.

2. The Municipal Council may impose fines up to CHF 2,000.00.